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Rapid weight cutting, especially by dehydration, carries real risks, including impaired performance, kidney strain, heat illness a...

A concussion is a brain injury that can follow a blow to the head, even without loss of consciousness. Anyone with suspected concu...

Good sparring is controlled practice, not a fight: agree the intensity, wear full protective equipment, match partners sensibly, c...

For combat sports training you need hand wraps, gloves suited to the session, a well-fitting mouthguard and groin protection, plus...

Amateur competition focuses on development and safety, with more protective rules and tournament formats, while professional bouts...

A referee should stop a bout when an athlete can no longer intelligently defend themselves, is hurt and taking further punishment,...

Good federation governance separates powers between an elected board and specialist committees, manages conflicts of interest, pub...

A good weigh-in uses calibrated scales, a published time and tolerance, identity and licence checks, and a clear record of each we...